Bone Cancer Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Bone Cancer, including details on symptoms, types, treatment.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of giant cell tumors of the jaws using CD34 density analysis.

Dewsnup NC, Susarla SM, Abulikemu M, Faquin WC, Kaban LB, August M

Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

PURPOSE: To compare CD34 expression in both aggressive and nonaggressive giant cell lesions of the jaws and identify any associations between tumor vascular density and biologic behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of subjects treated for giant cell lesions of the jaws at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1992 to 2006. The primary predictor variable was tumor classification (aggressive or nonaggressive); tumors were considered aggressive if they were greater than 5 cm in size, recurred after treatment, or exhibited 3 of the following: presence of root resorption, tooth displacement, or cortical bone thinning or perforation. Secondary predictor variables, recorded for each patient, were demographic, anatomic, and clinical measures. The outcome variable was the average CD34 staining density of histologic specimens quantified in 2 different areas. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed to identify predictors associated with vascular density. RESULTS: The study sample was composed of 32 subjects with a mean age of 24.4 +/- 19.77 years (range: 2-83); 23 subjects (71.8%) were female. Of the tumors included, 11 (34.4%) were located in the maxilla, 21 (65.6%) in the mandible. Twenty-six tumors (81.2%) were classified as aggressive; the remainder (18.8%) were nonaggressive. There were no statistically significant differences between subjects with aggressive versus nonaggressive tumors with regard to age, gender, or location. Subjects with aggressive tumors had a significantly higher CD34 staining density (P = .02). None of the secondary predictors was associated with vascular density. CONCLUSION: Vascular density of giant cell tumors of the jaws is significantly increased in aggressive tumors.

Published 21 April 2008 in J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 66(5): 928-33.
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Articles on Bone Cancer published 16 April 2008:

Comparative study of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of spinal bone marrow infiltration in untreated patients with multiple myeloma.   Acta Radiol, 49(4): 427-35.

BACKGROUND: The presence and extent of osteolytic bone lesions in untreated patients with multiple myeloma are important factors in the staging of the disease, and the extent of bone lesions in multiple myeloma cases significantly influences decisions regarding therapy. Recently, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used to detect bone marrow involvement in patients with multiple myeloma. PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Bone Cancer published 15 April 2008:

International collaborative study on ghost cell odontogenic tumours: calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour, dentinogenic ghost cell tumour and ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma.   J Oral Pathol Med, 37(5): 302-8.

BACKGROUND: Calcifying odontogenic cyst was described first by Gorlin et al. in 1962; since then several hundreds of cases had been reported. In 1981, Praetorius et al. proposed a widely used classification. Afterwards, several authors proposed different classifications and discussed its neoplastic potential. The 2005 WHO Classification of Odontogenic Tumours re-named this entity as calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (CCOT) and defined the clinico-pathological features of the ghost cell ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Alterations of FHIT and P53 genes in keratocystic odontogenic tumor, dentigerous and radicular cyst.   J Oral Pathol Med, 37(5): 294-301.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine fragile histidine triad (FHIT) and p53 protein expression, and to analyze FHIT and p53 gene status in keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT), dentigerous cysts (DC) and radicular cysts (RC). METHODS: The methods used were immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic methods including loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and gene sequencing. RESULTS: FHIT protein expression was different among groups. Aberrant expression was the highest in KOT, then in ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Perlecan-rich epithelial linings as a background of proliferative potentials of keratocystic odontogenic tumor.   J Oral Pathol Med, 37(5): 287-93.

BACKGROUND: The intraepithelial deposit of perlecan, a basement membrane-type heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan, has been demonstrated in neoplastic conditions such as salivary gland tumors, odontogenic tumors, and oral carcinoma in situ. Our aim was to determine whether perlecan turnover was enhanced in the lining cells of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), which had been recently renamed from odontogenic keratocyst because of its accumulated evidence of neoplasm, as a possible background ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Bone Cancer published 11 April 2008:

Ewing sarcoma: prognostic criteria, outcomes and future treatment.   Expert Rev Anticancer Ther, 8(4): 617-24.

Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a bone tumor occurring primarily in adolescence and young adulthood. Multi-institutional clinical trials have improved the outcome for patients with nonmetastatic EWS, but not with metastatic EWS. Furthermore, although 30% of EWS recur, multi-institutional studies have not been completed for this high-risk group. Planning such studies has been hampered by both the lack of novel therapies and the inability to incorporate the biology of EWS. While the importance and detail ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Bone Cancer published 8 April 2008:

Current surgical management of bone metastases in the extremities and pelvis.   Semin Oncol, 35(2): 118-28.

Surgical management of metastases to the extremities and pelvis has benefited from advances in the technology of internal fixation, as well as the increased availability of options for large endoprostheses. Contoured periarticular plates and the screws that attach rigidly to the plates have made fixation into weakened bone more reliable and easier to provide. For massive bone loss, modular endoprostheses are now widely available. These options supplemented with bone cement ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

The role of surgery in the management of metastatic spinal tumors.   Semin Oncol, 35(2): 108-17.

The role of surgery in the treatment of metastatic spinal tumors causing epidural compression traditionally consisted of posterior decompression. This procedure plus radiotherapy, however, could not be demonstrated to provide any benefit over radiotherapy alone, and surgery fell into disfavor in managing metastatic vertebral tumors. The advent of newer, more sophisticated approaches, along with improved spinal instrumentation and reconstruction techniques, which allowed direct decompression of ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Bone Cancer published 2 April 2008:

A novel lung cancer signature mediates metastatic bone colonization by a dual mechanism.   Cancer Res, 68(7): 2275-85.

Bone is a frequent target of lung cancer metastasis, which is associated with significant morbidity and a dismal prognosis. To identify and functionally characterize genes involved in the mechanisms of osseous metastasis, we developed a murine lung cancer model. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified genes encoding signaling molecules (such as TCF4 and PRKD3) and cell anchorage-related proteins (MCAM and SUSD5), some of which were basally modulated by transforming growth factor-beta ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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